Abfraction refers to the loss of tooth structure due to flexural forces. When teeth are subjected to pressure, their arrangement (occlusion) can cause tension on one side of the tooth and compression on the other. V-shaped depressions can form on the tension side, while C-shaped depressions can form on the compression side.
Causes of Abfraction
Abfraction lesions are caused by tooth grinding, chewing hard foods, aggressive brushing, and consuming acidic beverages like soda. These factors lead to gradual wear and tear of the teeth and can exacerbate the development of abfraction lesions.
Symptoms of Abfraction
Abfraction typically manifests without pain, though sensitivity to temperature changes, particularly heat and cold, may arise as a concern. While additional symptoms may not emerge initially, continued damage could result in distinct indications, such as worn and glossy areas on the tooth, referred to as translucency, and surface chipping or enamel loss leading to exposed dentin.
Gradual enamel deterioration may render the tooth susceptible to bacterial infiltration and decay, compromising its structural integrity and potentially resulting in tooth looseness or loss.
Prevention
The primary approach to addressing abfraction lesions involves enhancing oral hygiene practices and minimizing dental wear and tear. This includes brushing with a soft-bristled toothbrush twice daily, daily flossing, opting for fluoride toothpaste, maintaining a balanced diet while avoiding hard and sticky foods, and considering using a mouthguard or nightguard to mitigate nighttime teeth grinding.
Treatment
There are different ways to treat abfractions once they become visible. For minor to moderate issues, resin fillings provide a solution where tooth-colored material is applied to the affected area and bonded to the tooth under a curing light. This method eliminates the defect, offering a cosmetic, noninvasive, and cost-effective remedy. In cases where abfractions coincide with substantial gum tissue loss, a gingival graft may be recommended. Additionally, nightguard fabrication and Invisalign treatment are viable approaches to mitigate abfraction-related concerns.
Although it may not always necessitate immediate treatment, abfraction can result in significant dental and gum health issues. If you suspect you may be experiencing abfraction, it is crucial to consult our dentist for a diagnosis and to ensure ongoing monitoring of your oral well-being.
Abfraction refers to the loss of tooth structure due to flexural forces. When teeth are subjected to pressure, their arrangement (occlusion) can cause tension on one side of the tooth and compression on the other. V-shaped depressions can form on the tension side, while C-shaped depressions can form on the compression side.